What does genetic diversity ensure for a species?

Genetic diversity is crucial for the resilience and adaptability of a species. It encompasses a range of genetic variations within a population, allowing individuals to possess different traits that may confer advantages in various environments or situations. This diversity equips a species to better withstand diseases, as some individuals may have innate resistance that protects them from specific pathogens. Furthermore, in the face of environmental changes—such as climate shifts, habitat alterations, or the introduction of new competitors—having a broad genetic base can enable some members of the species to survive and reproduce, thus ensuring the population's continuation.

In agricultural contexts, genetic diversity is especially important for crop resilience. Diverse crop varieties can lead to better overall yields as some varieties may perform better under certain conditions than others. This trait variation is critical for food security, particularly with the looming challenges of climate change and evolving pests and diseases.

The other options do not accurately reflect the primary role of genetic diversity. Decreased competition for resources, for instance, is more associated with population dynamics and environmental factors rather than genetic variation itself. Uniformity in crop production runs counter to the benefits of genetic diversity, as reliance on a limited set of varieties can lead to vulnerability. Similarly, lower production costs may be achieved through various means, but they