What does genome editing enable scientists to do?

Genome editing is a cutting-edge technique that allows scientists to make precise alterations to an organism's DNA. This process involves the use of various tools, such as CRISPR-Cas9, which can target specific locations in the genome and introduce changes, whether by adding, removing, or altering DNA sequences. This precision is crucial because it enables researchers to create specific genetic modifications that can lead to desired traits in organisms, whether in agriculture for pest resistance, nutritional enhancement, or in medicine for potential therapies.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect what genome editing accomplishes. Modifying whole genomes through observation lacks the active intervention characteristic of genome editing, as it suggests a passive approach. Producing clones without changes implies replication rather than modification, which is not the intent of genome editing. Finally, enhancing natural reproductive processes suggests an augmentation rather than a direct edit of genetic material, which falls outside the scope of what genome editing entails.