What is a primary characteristic of genetically modified crops?

Genetically modified (GM) crops are defined by their possession of traits that have been introduced through genetic engineering techniques. This process allows scientists to identify specific genes responsible for desirable traits—such as pest resistance, herbicide tolerance, or improved nutritional content—and insert those genes into the crop's genome. This artificial selection broadens the potential for enhancing traits beyond the natural capabilities of traditional breeding methods.

The characteristic of possessing traits that have been artificially selected is foundational to the concept of genetic modification, as it distinguishes these crops from conventional varieties developed through traditional breeding methods, which often rely on natural selection processes. This genetic engineering can lead to crops that can thrive in diverse environments, resist diseases, or improve yield, which is not always achievable through more traditional methods.

Understanding this key feature helps to underline the significance of genetic modification in agriculture, where it serves as a tool to meet global food demands and address challenges posed by climate change, pests, and diseases.