What is a seed bank?

A seed bank is a repository for preserving seed genetic diversity. The primary function of a seed bank is to collect and store seeds from a wide variety of plant species, including traditional and endangered crops, to protect against loss of genetic diversity, erosion of agricultural heritage, and extinction of plant species. This preservation ensures that plants can be replanted in the future, supporting food security and biodiversity.

Seed banks play a crucial role in agricultural research, breeding programs, and conservation efforts. They maintain a living gene bank from which seeds can be accessed for breeding new varieties that may be more resistant to pests, diseases, or environmental stresses, ultimately contributing to sustainable agriculture.

The other options relate to different aspects of agricultural practice. For instance, storage facilities for fertilizers focus on the provision of nutrients for plants, while locations for breeding livestock pertain to animal husbandry practices. Pest management tools involve strategies to control harmful insects or diseases affecting crops, which is not the primary function of a seed bank.